The Nuclear Fuel Cycle

A Complete Primer — the whole system, made understandable

Latest

  • November 6, 2026

    November 6, 2026

    The first commercial LEU+ cylinder in the West, Centrus saying it is enriching HALEU for commercial buyers as DOE cascade funding ends, Radiant’s Kaleidos cleared for full-power safety analysis, BWXT’s quarter on TRISO and Project Pele, a chromium ATF coating pilot, a UF6-to-UF4 design MoU, and a planned Salem uprate beside a thermal-shield outage.


  • Where America’s Spent Fuel Sits

    Where America’s Spent Fuel Sits

    About 95,000 tonnes of used fuel from US commercial reactors sits at some 73 sites, in pools and dry casks, because no federal storage or disposal facility has opened.


  • HALEU Is Not One Product

    HALEU Is Not One Product

    This article sorts advanced reactor designs into four fuel classes and records, for each, the published enrichment, the fuel form and what has actually been made and irradiated.


  • October 30, 2026

    October 30, 2026

    A first safety review finished for an industrial advanced reactor, federal money for recycled-fuel research and for uprates at eight plants, a second TRISO fuel source, a laser enrichment plant past its environmental review, the first repository operating license and a state that left the fuel-campus program.


  • What the Data-Center Deals Commit the Fuel Cycle To

    What the Data-Center Deals Commit the Fuel Cycle To

    Technology companies have signed nuclear deals covering many gigawatts, but most of the capacity under firm contract is existing output with a new buyer. The fuel question lies in a smaller block of restarts and uprates, and in new reactors that would mostly run on HALEU, a fuel that is barely made today.


  • Laser Enrichment

    Laser Enrichment

    Laser enrichment has been coming for half a century. By October 2026 no laser process had enriched uranium at commercial scale, but one now has a license application nearing a decision, a buyer and a readiness rating. Here is what each effort has really done.


  • Conversion and Deconversion

    Conversion and Deconversion

    Every kilogram of uranium in a light-water reactor passes through two chemical steps most people never hear of. Western conversion rests on three plants, and the step that turns advanced-reactor fuel back into a solid barely exists yet.


  • October 22, 2026

    October 22, 2026

    A new LEU+ fuel factory, HALEU targets met from stored material, a license for a plant that was never built, and four more items, each with what the source said, what it left out, and the context behind it.


  • Mine to Disposal: Pricing the Closed Cycle

    Mine to Disposal: Pricing the Closed Cycle

    Follow one drum of yellowcake from the mine to the repository and less than one percent of its uranium is ever used. This opinion argues that the market should decide when to close the fuel cycle, and that today it cannot, because the leftover uranium, the plutonium and the cost of burying them never reach…


  • Can the Mines Keep Up?

    Can the Mines Keep Up?

    World mines produced 61,924 tonnes of uranium in 2024 by the Red Book’s count, and existing and committed mines meet its low-demand case only through 2032.


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